Ladder tape



L. J. RAsER v Re. 22,925

Oct. 7, 1947.

LADDER-TAPE Original Filed Sept. 9, 1946 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 5 Z Z 74 m du L. J. RASERO Oct. 7, 1947.

LADDER-TAPE Original Filed Sept.' 9, 1946 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 M, afar-'mpgs L. J. RASERO Oct. 7, 1947.

LADDER TAPE :5 sheets-Sheet s original Filed Sept. 9, 1946 Zig f4.

l I I Il I l I I I I I l l I I Il I I I l l l n l I I I I I l l n l l l Il |l I I I I u n l l l l I ll ll. I I n l l Il u l I I l l l l 'nl I lll I l I l I I Il Il l l n l I u ll 'vl I I ll l I I I l l n l l l I I I Il I I n l l l l l Il I I I 'I I ll n l l 'l l I I II I l l I l II I I Il l l l n n Reissued Oct. 7, 1947 Lawrence J. Rasero, Middletown,

to. Ehe Russell Manufacturing Company',

Genn., assignor.` v

Mid-

dletuwn, Gonna, a corporation of. Connecticut original Nn. 2,420,978; dated May 2o,

September 9. 19,46.

1947, seri-amo. 761,363' l 13, claims.. (C1. 139-384) No. 695,610, forreissuey July 16;l

'Ilhi's` invention relates tov improvements. in lad- 'I 'der-tapes, which are'. primari-ly; employed for supporting the slats ofiy sofcalled Venetia-nv blnds' and thelike, andawhchcomprise apair of; spacedapart. front4 and"` backfmain tapes between which extends transverse.. textile,- material constituting the rungsor ladders.

One object otthis invention` isftox provide. an improved@ ladderz-tapewhich can'l have the opposite outside faces of the main tapes. woven of 'str-ands ofidifferent colors, and can; have-the lad.- de1'warpstrands:whichl are.. irr the ladders., inter.- woven withiweitstrand's: or the-main tapesin. such manner *as toibo-concealed fromr the opposite,A out;- side faces ofi main' tapes,.thus permitting the ladder-wasps to bef oianyi desired; color or colors., since.. they will be concealed entirely from the opposite outside-.faces 'of thearnain tapes.

Another: olv/ject.v ofi this: invention is toprovide an improvedladder-tape which can have thefladder-warns, of-L the; ladders; interwoven withl the main tapes Without, producingr any. substantial change in; the; weazve.-apnwearance= at the opposite outsideiacesiof maintanes.

Another object, ofL this, invention is to provide an. improved. ladder-tape inl which thev ladder.- warpstrands arevinterwpvenwiththe main tapes, asfhereinbeforeexplainedand.whicnladder-warp strands are all. efiectively. and. securely, anchored to; the.. weft strands.. of; vthe mainl tapes.

With the above and other objects in view, as will appear. tothose skilled in the artfro-m, the present. disclosure, this.inventi.onincludes all featnresimthesaid disclosure whichare novel over the Prior art.

In the description and claims, the various parts andsteps are identifiegfby specific terms for con? veuience,y but they are intended to be as generic in their applicationas thejprior art will permit'. In the accompanying Adrawings-forming'part of the present" disclosure, inwhich` certain ways of carrying out the inventionare-showmfor'illustrative purposes?-l H Fig, 1 is anedgeviewofa: fragment off'laddertape made-in accordance-withx thepresent4 invention;

Fig. 2 is atopplanviewwith'partfbroken away, of Fig. l; l l' Fig. 3 is an enlargedl'view or area Biof Fig; 2;

Fig. 4is-anenlarged-view of areav 4 of"Fig-. 2; Fig.y 5is a sectional-vie-won. line E4-51ers Fig. 4; Fig. 6 is a. sectional viewon'line 6'-G of Fig. 4; Fig: 'lis-a; sectional-view onlline 1L-1' of Fig. 4; Fig; 8is a-view-'similarlto Fig: 31, ofa-'modied weaveconstruction;` 'f

1947', Serial Applic ation;

Fig; 91 isa= sectional-view: om line. 5];9A ofiFig. 8.; Figi 'lOl is al sectional view on line Ilm-ti): of Fiefl; Fig. llis a view similar toivFig.v8, ofY another modified formof weave-construction; Fig. l2 is asectional-Y view: on line |2.-l2: of Fig. 11].;-

Fig. 13 isL a.v sectional view Fig. 1l;

.Fig. 14 is' a viewsimilar to Figi. lil, modified form of weave-construction;r Fig. 15'- is a View similar` to Fig. 3; inodied form` of weave-construction; Fig. 16` is av View' similar; tolig- 4, modified construction; and f u Fig. 17 is a view similar toFig. 4;, ofi another on line ISS-i3 of 'of another ofv another of another Referring toA Figs.. 1 to 'T ofA the drawings showL ingvt'he particular Iormrofthe invention chosen for illustration therein, the rladder-ftape 20;- in'- cludes two mainor body-tapes'Zi and 22" corrnectedtogethery by ladders or rungs k23. One; of the, main tapes suchff'or example, asv 2l mayV be referred to as the front or kf'acewmain.tape 'and theother .main tape 22' may be referredto as the' back or rear main tape. Each ladder 2'3Tint1e'r1 connectsthemain tapes 2| and 22 by.` being connectedto the maintapes at vwhat may bereferred to as areasoijunction 24., l

Each. of. the .maintapes 2|. and 22. is formed by havingwarpstrands 25 extending` throughout the length or the main-7 tapes; and, interwoven vwith picks, of. a, weft.. strand` 26. lThe. particular forni of. weave employedin the construction illustrated irrEigs. 1.to 7, iswhat may bereferredto as a her'.- ringboneftwill or chevron-twill or. pointed; twill.- Weave... Each,- warnstrand. 2.5i is a single end. or strand. on thread. and isy woven` with itswarpfloats each.y extending. over twoand under two weft-picks of; weft strand 2E. ItwilLbe seen. that each two adjacent Warpfloats4 arein side-by-side Contactl withone. another at. each.- cominon weitpick;ofithe.wef;tf strand. 2.6 oven which they both extend.,

Each ladderl 234s. formed of twogroups of sets 2li and `25).; of. warp strandsA which. are interwoven witha'ladder weftstr'andiillr, The group oisets 2.6:isalternatewith the |grounol setslll. Eachfset '28. consists of ladder-warn strands orv ends lor threads". 2&1. and." 2 lib.;` andieach set 2 9 consists. of leidden-Warp strands or ends.- ori threads 29a.. and 28m The sets 2B: arel looped over; one weft-pick wolof? each;maniftapes!I` and. 22.',jand the other alternate setsl 28.1 are,looped over. the; third-away,

weft-pick 2Gb of the main tapes. Then all of the sets '2B and 29 of the ladder-warp strands are interwoven with four weft-picks 39a of the ladderweft strand 30. Then the sets 28 and '2.9 are again respectively looped over two third-awayfrom-each-other weft-picks 26e and 26d of the main tapes, and then are again interwoven with four weft-picks 39h of the ladder-weft strand 39, and then again are respectively looped over two third-away-from-each-other weft-picks 26e and 26j of the main tapes, in each area-of-juncticn 24 of each ladder and` main tape. It will thus be seen that the ladder-warps are all looped over three groups of two main-tape weft-picks at three spaced-apart locations longitudinally of the main tapes, and that the ladder-warps are also interwoven with two groups of four weft-picks at each of two spaced-apart interwoven-ladder-warpand-ladder-weft locations.

It will be seen that where each set 28 (or 29) of ladder-warps 28a and 28h (or 29a and 29h) is looped over one of the weft-picks 26a to 26j inclusive, of a main tape, that it is located between the common weft-pick 26a (or one of picks 2Gb to f) and the space 'occupied by the said side-by-side-in-contact portions of the warp- -noats of the main tapes, thus concealing the 'sets 28 and 29 of warp strands from the outer face 32 of each main tape. By having each set 28 and 29 of ladder-warps formed of two or more side-by-side warp strands, it will be observed that as they are interwoven with the main-tape weft-picks and the ladder-weft-picks that the warps of eaehpair are pressed sidewise together toward one another in a vconstricted manner to thus aid in locking the warpstrands of a set from being pulled out of their anchored-in areaspf-junction 24 with the main tapes 2| and 22. By referring to Figs. '5 andl 7`, it will be seen that each of certain sets of'ladder-warps is,concealed beneath two Warp-floats in some locations, and beneath three warp-floats at other locations. While the ladder-Warp strands 28a, 28h, 29a and 29h are illustrated as being substantially smaller in diameter than the main-tape warp strands 25, they `could be made as large as vthe main-tape warp strands. Y

In the form of the invention illustrated in Figs. 8, 9 and 10, an over-tWo-.and-under-two trated as being Aformed by sets 35 of warps being interwoven with weft-picks 36. Each set 35 is composedv of two ls'id-by-side-in-contact warp strands 35aY and 35h which provide four warpfloats in side-by-side-contact relation at each common weft pick 36. Three ladder warp 'strands 31 are illustrated as being looped over each common Weft-pick36 and located between the common weft-pick andthe space occupied by the four main-tape warp-strands 35a and 35h, although a greater or .lesser number of ladderwarps could be so employed.

the form of the'invention illustrated in Figs. 11, 12 and 13, a main tape 38 is illustrated as formed by sets 39 of Warp strands 39a and 39h interwoven with weft-picks 40 in the form or an over-two-and-under-two basket-weave. In this form of the invention. the ladder-warns 4| are illustrated as being single ends or strands looped over weft-picks 49 so as to be located between the common weft-picks 40 and the sets or pairs 39 of main-tape warp strands 39a. and 39h.

In the form of the invention illustrated in` Fig. 14, armain tape 46 is illustrated as formed of a. fine chevron-twill weave 41, in which each 4 area-of-junction portion 4B of the main tape is of twochevron width,

In the form of the invention illustrated in Fig. l5, each main tape 49 is formed of a herringbone or chevron-twill weave similar to that of Fig. 3 except that the point 50 of each chevron is formed of a pair or set 5| of warp strands 5|a and 5| b, so that a ladder-warp can be looped over a weft-pick 52 beneath the strands 5la and 5 Ib to provide concealment.

In the form of the invention illustrated in Fig.

16, the construction is generally the same as in Fig. 4 except that one intermediate set 29 of ladder-warp strands 29a and 29h are not woven in with main-tape weft-picks, but are floated along with the adjacent ladder-Warp strands. This construction permits of weaving in suiicient ladder-warp strands with main-tape weftpicks for ample strength of connection with a main tape.

In the form of the invention illustrated in Fig. 17, a main tape 53 is illustrated as having the alternate sets 28 and 29 (similar to Fig. 4) of ladder-warp strands 28a, 28h, 29a and 29D looped over three adjacent` picks ,26a, 26g and 26h, at each Weave-in location, instead of over only two third-away picks 26aand 2Gb as in Fig. 4, thus permitting of looping-over or weaving-in more ladder-warpsfin a given width.

In the claims, expressionssuch as groups of warp-iloats are referred to as iioating over a common weft-pick in side-by-side contact with one another at such commonweft-picks. This term group is intended to include two distinct warp strands such as the warp strands 25 which are singles as illustrated' in Fig. 3, as they float over a common 'weft-pick, or to include all or part of two or more sets of warp-floats which float over a common Yweft-pick asin the form of the invention illustrated in Figs. 8, 9 and 10 lplain twill-weave 33 of a main tape-31| is illus- 50 where a group of such Warp-floats may' include all or part of two sets of vwarp strands,. each set including two or more warp strands.V An expression such as the-.point of a chevron-rib is intended to mean the point of an 'individual rib which-is formed by two `-an'gularly-arranged rib-legs. An expression such as looped-over a weft-pick is intended tolmean the same as looped about a weft-pick, and not to vhave any'significance as to'whetheritisA above or below the weft- `pick. Y. K

` While the ladder-warp vstrandscould be employed'without any weft, it is preferred to interweave them with a weft,` as hereinbefore described.

For effective concealment offa ladder-warp of diiferent color from the color of the outer face of the main tape, where it isinterwoven with such a main tape, it is mportantthat suchladder- Warp be looped over only a single main-tape weftpick at any given location.A4

By having the ladder-warps looped over weftpicks in sets, each set consisting of two or more strands, morefladder-warps canbewoven into a given width for a given number of woven-in or looped-over locations* and the ladder-warps can be more firmly secured to the main tapes.

The invention may be carried outin other specic ways than those herein set forth without departing from the spirit andvessential characteristics of the inventionandfthepresent embodiments are, therefore, tobemconsidered in all respects as illustrative andrnot restrictiveLa'nd all changes coming within the meaning and equivthe'appendec claims ared intended alenoyfrangeof to bembraeed therein:`

isolana-:'-

li. A'ladder-tapainoludingz twomain tapes, and ladders interconnecting salti main tapes. at areas- 'oif-junction with saidmain tapes; each main tape being mainly formed by warp` strands interwoven with' weft-picks byla weavein which warp-iicats of each group ofi a plural-ity of," groups of warpmatsat 'a plurality? off locations longitudinally and transverselyof each main tape, float over a 'plurality' of weft-picksi at least oneI oi which is a Weit-piola, inL side-by-side. contact with 'one anotherA at a said common weft-pick; and each ladderhaving ladderwarp strands, each of 'a plurality ot' said ladderwarp strands being over onlyonaWeft-pick oany said pluralof weft-pickss and which looped-over one weft-pick is a common weit-pick, and between 'saidcornnion weit-pick andfthe space occupied by said side-by-side-inecontaet warp-floats of a said group of'warp-iloa-tsy at a s-'aidcommon yweft-pick, at; a plurality` of locations in each said area-oi"- junction, longitudinally o f the main tapes.

2. A ladder-tape including-zAv two main tapes, land ladders interconnecting said maintapes at areas-of-junction with said' :ma-in tapes; each inain tape being mainly formed by warp strands interwoven with weit-picks by a weave in which each area-of-junctionvportion oithe maintapes i a twill-weave in which warp-floats of each garoupcfa plurality of' groupsvof warp-floats at a 'plurality of' locations longitudinally and transversely of each main tape, iioat over a common weft-pick in side-by-side Contact with one another at saidA common weit-piel;A and each ladder having ladder warp strands, each of7 a plurali-ty-oi-said ladder warp strands being looped-A over a said common weft-pick and between said common weft-pick and" the spaceoccupied bysaid side-byside-in-contact warp-floats of a said group of warp floats, at a said common weft-pick, at a plurality of" locations in each said area-of-junction, longitudinally ofthe mainl tapes.

` 3. A ladder-tape including: two main tapes, andladders interconnecting said main tapes at areas-of-junction with said main tapes; each maintape being mainly formed by warp strands interwoven with weit-picks by a weave in which each area-of-J'uuction portion. of the main tapes is a twill weave in which warp-floats of each group ci aplurality of,k groups ofwarp-floats at a plurality of locations, longitudinally and transyersely oi each maintape, float` over` a plurality .0I Weit-picks. atleast oneof which is a common weit,-piclr,x inY s ide-by-side contact with one an-A other at a said common weft-pick;r and each ladder havingl ladder-warp strands, each of a plurality ofl said ladder-warp strands being looped over only, one weit-pick of any saidn plurality of Seated-over weit-picks, and which looped-over one we ftepicic is a, common weit-pick, and between. Said-common weit-pick and the space ocdupiedl by said sid'e-by-side-in-contact warplloats 0i a said group oi warp-floats, at a said common weit-pick.. at ad plurality of locations in each. Said, area.-offi11 .r1.cti0,r.1,r longitudinally of the an. tapes'- 4.. A.. ladder-tane including: two main tapes, ladders interconnecting 'SaidA main tapes, at areas-of-junction with said main tapes; each maintapebeing mainly formed by sets of warp strands interwoven with weit-picks by a weave in which warp-floats of each group of a plurality of groups of warp-floats at a plurality of locations longitudinally andtransversely. of each main tape, noa-t over a .plurality oli weft-picks, at leastone of: which is a com-mon. weft-pick, in. s idefbyeside contact with one another ata said common weftpick; and eachl ladder having ladder warp strandsl each of a plurality of/ said ladderl warp strands beinglooped over only one weft-.pick ot; anysaid plurality of weit-picks; and which lopedeover one weft-.pick ist a common.- weft-pick, and. bef tweenb a said looped-rover'` common Weft-pic1z and the space occupied by said. side-.by-side-in-.con-I tact warpefloatsof. a. said groupof warp-floats, at 'a said common; weft-pick, at a plurality of. loca; tions in. each said area-.of-junction, longitudinally of7 the main tapes-I 5. A ladder-tape including.: two main tapes, and: laddersinterconnecting said main tapes, at areas-of-.junction with saidy main tapes;r each main tape being mainly formed.- by warp strands interwoven with weft-picks by. aY weave in which each area-oi-junction portion. of the main tapes has sets of warps and in which warp-iloats of each of a plurality of said sets of warp-floats at a plurality oi locations longitudinallyA and transversely of each main tape, float over a plurality ofk common weft-picks, in sideeby-side con: tactv with one another at a said plurality of iloated-.over common weit-picks.; and each ladder having ladder warpstrands1 each of a plurality of said ladder warp strands being looped over only. one weft-pick of any said plurality of iioat-ed-ovei` common weft-picks, and between a said` looped-over commonwet-pick and the space occupied by` said, side-byside.-in.-contact warp noats of a said; set of warpailoats; at asaid. comlmon weft-pick, at a plurality of locations in each said areaof-.junction, longitudinally of the main tapes.

6..Av ladder-tape. including: two main tapes, andl ladders interconnecting said main tapes at areas-of-junctionl with saidy mainv tapes; each main tape beingmainly formed by warp strands interwoven with weft-.picks by a weave in which warp-floats of each group of a plurality of groups of warp-noats at a plurality of locations longi. tudinally andf transversely of. each main tape, float overa plurality of wefltvpicks, at least one of which is a common weft-pick, in side-by-side contact with one another at a said common weft-pick; and each ladder havingy sets of ladder warp strands, each set of a plurality. of said sets otladder warp strands being looped over only one weft-pick of any said plurality of wett-.- picks, and which looped-over one weit-pickl is a common weft-pick, and between. a said loopedover common weft-pick andA the space occupied by said side-by-side-in-contact warp-floats. of a said group of warp-floats, at a said common-weft? pick, at a plurality of locations in each said area? of-junction, longitudinallyo the main tapes.

7. A ladder-tape including: two main tapes, and' ladders interconnecting saidy main tapes at areas-of-junction with said main tapes; each main tape being mainly'formed by warp strands interwoven with weft-picks by a weave in which warp-floats of each group of a plurality of groups of warp-floats at a pluralityv oflocations longitudinally and transversely of each main tape, float over a plurality of weft-picks, at least one of which is a common weft-piola inside-by-side contact with one another at a said common weftpick; and each ladder having'sets of ladder warp strands, each set of a plurality of'4 said sets- 'of ladder warp strands being looped over only one weft-pick of any said plurality of weit-picks, and

which looped-overfone vweft-'pick -isv a 'common weft-'pickl and Vbetween 'aisaid ^loopedover com"- mon-'weft-pick and the spaceioccupiedby' sa'id side-by-side-in-contact :warp-floats of :'aV said group of warp-oats, at` a said comrn'onweft-v pick, at a plurality of spaced-apart locations in each said area-of-junction, longitudinallyiof'the main tapes, and the ladder warp strands being interwoven with a pluralityy of ladder weft-picks between each two adjacent locations of said spaced-apart locations.

8. A ladder-tape including: two main tapes, and ladders interconnecting said main tapes at areas-of-junction' with said `main tapes; each main tape being mainly formed by warp strands interwoven with weft-picks by a weave in which each area-of-junction portion of the main tapes is a twill-weave in which warp-floats of each group of a plurality of groups of warp-oats at a plurality of locations longitudinally and transversely of eac'h main tape, oat over a common weft-pick in side-by-side contact with one another at said common weft-pick; and each ladder having sets of ladder warp strands, each set of a plurality of said sets of ladder Warp strands being looped over a `said common weft-pick and between said common weft-pick and the space occupied by said side-by-side-in-contact warp- Iioats of a said group of warp-iloats, at a said common weft-pick, at a plurality of spaced-apart locations in each said 'area-of-junction, longitudinally of the main tapes, and the ladder Warp strands being interwoven with a plurality of ladder weft-picks between each two adjacent locations of said spaced-apart locations.

9. A ladder-tape including: two main tapes, and ladders interconnecting said main tapes at areas-of-junction with said main tapes each main tape being mainly formed by warp strands interwoven with weft-picks by a weave in which each area-of-junction portion of the main tapes is a one-chevron twill-weave in which warp-oats of each group of a plurality of groups of Warpfloats at a plurality of locations longitudinally and transversely of each main common weft-pick in side-by-side contact with one another at said common weft-pick; and each ladder having ladder warp strands, each-of a plurality of said ladder warp strands being looped over a said common weft-pick and between said common weft-pick and the space occupied by said side-by-side-in-contact warp-floats of a said group of warp-oats, at a said common weftpick,: at a plurality of locations in each said areaor-junction, longitudinally of the main tapes.

10. A ladder-tape including: two `main tapes, and ladders interconnecting said main tapes at areas-of-junction with said main tapes; each main tape being mainly formed by warp strands interwoven'with weft-picks by a weave in which each area-of-junction portion of the main tapes is a plural-chevron twill-weave in which warpfloats of each group Aof a plurality of groups of warp-oats at a, plurality of locations longitudinally and transversely of each main tape, oat over a common weft-pick in side-by-side contact .with one another at said common weft-pick; and each ladder having ladder warp strands, each of a plurality of said ladder-warp strands being .looped over a said common weft-pick and between said common weft-pick and the space occupied .by said side-by-side-in-contact warp-floats of a, said group of Warp-floats, at a said common wefttape, oat over a fs.

pick, at 'a plurality of locations in each said areaof-junction, longitudinallyof the main tapes.

l1. A ladder-tape including: two mainA tapes,

and-ladders' interconnecting jsaid 'main tapes at areas-of-junctionv with said mainv tapes; each mainn tape being mainly formed vby warp strands interwoven withY weft-picks by a-weave in which each area-of-junction is-a chevron-typetwill-weave in which each of Vthefp'oints of the ichevron-ribs -in each area-of- Junction portion iswformed by a set of warp strandsfand in which warp-'floats of each group of a plurality of groups of warp-floats at a plurality of locations longitudinally and transversely of each main tape, float over a common weftpick in side-by-side contact with one another at said common weft-pick; andeach ladder having ladder warp strands, each of a plurality of said ladder warp strands being looped over a said common weft-pick and between said common weftpick and the space occupied by said side-by-sidein-contact warp-oatsof `a said group of warpfioats, at a said common weft-pick, at a plurality of locations in each said area-of-junction, longitudinally of the main tapes.

12. A ladder-tape including: two main tapes, and ladders interconnecting said main tapes at areas-of-junction with said main tapes; each main tape being mainly formed by warp strands interwoven with weft-picks by a weave in which each area-of-junction portion of the main tapes is a one-chevron twill-weave in which the points of the chevron-ribs in each area-of-junction portion lie along a line in substantial alignment with the longitudinal center-line of the ladder at each area-of-junction, andl in which warp-iioats of each group of `a plurality of groups of warp-floats at a plurality of locations longitudinally and transversely of each main tape, oat over a cornr mon weft-pick in side-*by-side contact with one another at said common `weft-pick;V and each ladder having ladder warp strands, 'each of a plu.-` rality of said ladder warp strands' being looped over a said common weft-pick and between said common weft-pick and the space occupied by said side-by-side-in-contact warp-iloats of' a, said group of Warp-floats, at a said common weft-pick, at a plurality of locations inv each said area-ofjunction, longitudinally of the main tapes, atleast one ladder-warp along sald center-line being looped over main-tape'weft-picka y 13. A ladder-tape including: two main tapes, and ladders interconnecting said main tapesl at areas-of-junctic-n with said niain tapes; each main. tape being mainly formed by warp'strands interwoven with weit-picks by a' weave in which each area-of-junction portion of the main tapes is a one-chevron twilleweave in which warpiloats of each group of a plurality of groups of Warp-floats at a plurality of, locations longitudi# nally and transversely of each' main tape, float over a common weft-pick yin sidelby-side contact with one another at said common weft-pick; and each ladder having ladder warp strands, each of a plurality of said ladder Warp strands being looped over a said common weft-pick and between said common weft-Dici: and the space v by said side-by-side-in-contact warp-iloats of a said group of warpfloats, ata said `common weftpick, at three near-togethermaintape weft-pick' locations.' .n

J. RASEE-o.

portion of the main tapes,

occupied Y 

